อ้างอิง ของ น้ำตาล

  1. The -g- is unexplained, possibly reflecting a Venetian dialect.
  2. Ahmad Y Hassan, Transfer Of Islamic Technology To The West, Part III: Technology Transfer in the Chemical Industries, History of Science and Technology in Islam.
  3. σάκχαρ, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  4. This form is not phonetically explained, but may reflect a mediation through a language en route from the Sanskrit original. Modern Greek ζάχαρη [sáχari] is due to cluster simplification [kχ] > [χ] and initial sandhi (acc. την σάχαρη [tin sáχari] > τη ζάχαρη [ti záχari]). The word has also changed its nominal class.
  5. "Jaggery". Oxford Dictionaries. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-08-17.
  6. Moxham, Roy, The Great Hedge of India, Carroll & Graf, 2001 ISBN 0-7867-0976-6.
  7. 1 2 Kenneth F.Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas. World history of Food – Sugar. Cambridge University Press. สืบค้นเมื่อ 9 January 2012.
  8. Sharpe, Peter (1998). "Sugar Cane: Past and Present". Illinois: Southern Illinois University.
  9. 1 2 3 George Rolph (1873). Something about sugar: its history, growth, manufacture and distribution.
  10. 1 2 3 Adas, Michael (January 2001). Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History. Temple University Press. ISBN 1-56639-832-0. Page 311.
  11. "Sugarcane: Saccharum Offcinarum" (PDF). USAID, Govt of United States. 2006. p. 7.1.
  12. Kieschnick, John (2003). The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09676-7.
  13. Sen, Tansen. (2003). Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations, 600–1400. Manoa: Asian Interactions and Comparisons, a joint publication of the University of Hawaii Press and the Association for Asian Studies. ISBN 0-8248-2593-4. Pages 38–40.
  14. Kieschnick, John (2003). The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture Princeton University Press. 258. ISBN 0-691-09676-7.
  15. Ponting, Clive (2000) [2000]. World history: a new perspective. London: Chatto & Windus. p. 481. ISBN 0-7011-6834-X.
  16. Barber, Malcolm (2004). The two cities: medieval Europe, 1050–1320 (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-415-17415-2.
  17. Abreu y Galindo, J. de; A. Cioranescu (ed) (1977). Historia de la conquista de las siete islas de Canarias. Tenerife: Goya ediciones.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
  18. Sidney Mintz (1986). Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-009233-2.
  19. "Forced Labour". The National Archives, Government of the United Kingdom. 2010.
  20. Walton Lai (1993). Indentured labor, Caribbean sugar: Chinese and Indian migrants to the British West Indies, 1838–1918. ISBN 978-0-8018-7746-9.
  21. Steven Vertovik (Robin Cohen, ed.) (1995). The Cambridge survey of world migration. pp. 57–68. ISBN 978-0-521-44405-7.
  22. K Laurence (1994). "A Question of Labour: Indentured Immigration Into Trinidad & British Guiana, 1875–1917". St Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-12172-3. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  23. "St. Lucia's Indian Arrival Day". Caribbean Repeating Islands. 2009.
  24. "Indian indentured labourers". The National Archives, Government of the United Kingdom. 2010.
  25. Early Sugar Industry of Bihar – Bihargatha. Bihargatha.in. Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
  26. "How Sugar is Made – the History". SKIL: Sugar Knowledge International. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-03-28.
  27. "A Visit to the Tate & Lyle Archive". The Sugar Girls blog. 10 March 2012. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-03-11.
  28. Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi. The Sugar Girls. Collins. p. ix. ISBN 978-0-00-744847-0.
  29. 1 2 3 Pigman, Ward; Horton, D. (1972). Pigman and Horton, ed. The Carbohydrates: Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol 1A (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 1–67. ISBN 0-12-556352-3.
  30. Joshi, S; Agte, V (1995). "Digestibility of dietary fiber components in vegetarian men". Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands). 48 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1007/BF01089198. PMID 8719737.
  31. แม่แบบ:Merck11th.
  32. NAL USDA National Nutrient Database
  33. 1 2 3 4 Buss, David; Robertson, Jean (1976). Manual of Nutrition; Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. pp. 5–9.
  34. Norman Kretchmer; Claire B. Hollenbeck (1991). "Sugars and Sweeteners". CRC Press, Inc. ISBN 9780849388354.
  35. Peter H. Raven & George B. Johnson (1995). Carol J. Mills, ed. Understanding Biology (3rd ed.). WM C. Brown. p. 203. ISBN 0-697-22213-6.
  36. Schenck, Fred W. (2006). "Glucose and Glucose-Containing Syrups". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi: 10.1002/14356007.a12_457.pub2
  37. "Lactase". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  38. "Maltase". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  39. "Sucrase". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  40. 1 2 "Sugar: World Markets and Trade" (PDF). United States Department of Agriculture. November 2011.
  41. International Illovo Sugar. Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
  42. "Food Balance Sheets". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007.
  43. "World agriculture: towards 2015/2030". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-104761-8.
  44. Welsh, Jean A.; Andrea J Sharma; Lisa Grellinger; Miriam B Vos (2011). "Consumption of added sugars is decreasing in the United States". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 94. American Society for Nutrition. 726-734. สืบค้นเมื่อ January 18, 2014.
  45. "Sugar: World Markets and Trade" (PDF). United States Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agriculture Service. May 2012. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-09-07.

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