อ้างอิง ของ องคชาตของมนุษย์

  1. 1 2 3 Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology 10th Ed. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015 ISBN 9780323313483, pp 267-69
  2. ↑ Richard E. Jones; Kristin H. Lopez (28 September 2013). Human Reproductive Biology. Academic Press. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-12-382185-0.
  3. ↑ Video of gliding action
  4. ↑ Wessells H, Lue TF, McAninch JW (September 1996). "Penile length in the flaccid and erect states: guidelines for penile augmentation". The Journal of Urology. 156 (3): 995–7. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65682-9. PMID 8709382.
  5. ↑ Chen J, Gefen A, Greenstein A, Matzkin H, Elad D (December 2000). "Predicting penile size during erection". International Journal of Impotence Research. 12 (6): 328–33. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900627. PMID 11416836.
  6. ↑ "ANSELL RESEARCH – The Penis Size Survey". March 2001. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2006-07-13.
  7. ↑ "Penis Size FAQ & Bibliography". Kinsey Institute. 2009. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-11-07.
  8. ↑ Dixson, A. F. (2009). Sexual selection and the origins of human mating systems. Oxford University Press. pp. 61–65.
  9. ↑ Center of Disease Control. "DES Update: Consumers". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-11-07.
  10. ↑ Swan SH, Main KM, Liu F, และคณะ (August 2005). "Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure". Environmental Health Perspectives. 113 (8): 1056–61. doi:10.1289/ehp.8100. PMC 1280349. PMID 16079079.
  11. ↑ Montague, Peter. "PCBs Diminish Penis Size". Rachel's Hazardous Waste News. 372. Archived from the original on 2012-03-03.
  12. ↑ "Hormone Hell". DISCOVER. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-04-05.
  13. ↑ Brown, Clarence William (February 13, 2014). "Pearly Penile Papules: Epidemiology". Medscape. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-03-08.
  14. ↑ Spots on the penis
  15. ↑ Richard E. Jones; Kristin H. Lopez (28 September 2013). Human Reproductive Biology. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-382185-0.
  16. ↑ Ponchietti R, Mondaini N, Bonafè M, Di Loro F, Biscioni S, Masieri L (February 2001). "Penile length and circumference: a study on 3,300 young Italian males". European Urology. 39 (2): 183–6. doi:10.1159/000052434. PMID 11223678.
  17. ↑ Sie JA, Blok BF, de Weerd H, Holstege G (2001). "Ultrastructural evidence for direct projections from the pontine micturition center to glycine-immunoreactive neurons in the sacral dorsal gray commissure in the cat". J. Comp. Neurol. 429 (4): 631–7. doi:10.1002/1096-9861(20010122)429:4<631::AID-CNE9>3.0.CO;2-M. PMID 11135240.
  18. ↑ Schirren, C.; Rehacek, M.; Cooman, S. de; Widmann, H.-U. (24 April 2009). "Die retrograde Ejakulation". Andrologia. 5 (1): 7–14. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1973.tb00878.x.
  19. ↑ Y. de Jong; R.M. ten Brinck; J.H.F.M. Pinckaers; A.A.B. Lycklama à Nijeholt. "Influence of voiding posture on urodynamic parameters in men: a literature review" (PDF). Nederlands Tijdschrift voor urologie). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-02.
  20. ↑ de Jong, Y; Pinckaers, JH; Ten Brinck, RM; Lycklama À Nijeholt, AA; Dekkers, OM (2014). "Urinating Standing versus Sitting: Position Is of Influence in Men with Prostate Enlargement. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e101320. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101320. PMC 4106761. PMID 25051345.
  21. ↑ Sparling J (1997). "Penile erections: shape, angle, and length". Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 23 (3): 195–207. doi:10.1080/00926239708403924. PMID 9292834.
  22. ↑ Carlson, Neil. (2013). Physiology of Behavior. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
  23. ↑ Bleske-Rechek, A. L.; Euler, H. A.; LeBlanc, G. J.; Shackelford, T. K.; Weekes-Shackelford, V. A. (2002). "Psychological adaptation to human sperm competition" (PDF). Evolution and Human Behavior.
  24. ↑ Ehrke, A. D.; Pham, M. N.; Shackelford, T. K.; Welling, L. L. M. (2013). "Oral sex, semen displacement, and sexual arousal: testing the ejaculate adjustment hypothesis". Evolutionary Psychology.
  25. ↑
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 Moller, A. P. (1988). "Ejaculate quality, testes size and sperm competition in primates". Journal of Human Evolution. 17: 479–488. doi:10.1016/0047-2484(88)90037-1.
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mautz, B. S.; Wong, B. B. M.; Peters, R. A.; Jennions, M. D. (April 23, 2013). "Penis size interacts with body shape and height to influence male attractiveness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (17): 6925–30. Bibcode:2013PNAS..110.6925M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1219361110. JSTOR 42590540. PMC 3637716. PMID 23569234.
  28. ↑ Masters, W. H.; Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human Sexual Response. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
  29. ↑ Schultz, W. W.; van Andel, P.; Sabelis, I.; Mooyaart, E. (December 18, 1999). "Magnetic resonance imaging of male and female genitals during coitus and female sexual arousal" (PDF). BMJ. 319: 1596. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7225.1596.
  30. ↑ Gallup, G. G.; Burch, R. L. (January 1, 2004). "Semen displacement as a sperm competition strategy in humans". Evolutionary Psychology. doi:10.1177/147470490400200105.
  31. 1 2 3 Lever, J.; Frederick, D. A.; Peplau, L. A. (2006). "Does size matter? Men's and women's views on penis size across the lifespan". Psychology of Men and Masculinity. 7: 129–143. doi:10.1037/1524-9220.7.3.129.
  32. ↑ Harcourt, A. H.; Purvis, A.; Liles, L. (1995). "Sperm competition: Mating system, not breeding season, affects testes size of primates". Functional Ecology. 9 (3): 469–476. doi:10.2307/2390011. JSTOR 2390011.
  33. 1 2 Simmons, Leigh W.; Firman, Renée C.; Rhodes, Gillian; Peters, Marianne (2003). "Human sperm competition: testis size, sperm production and rates of extra pair copulations". Animal Behaviour. 68: 297–302. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2003.11.013.
  34. ↑ Harcourt, A. H.; Harvey, P. H.; Larson, S. G.; Short, R. V. (1981). "Testis weight, body weight and breeding system in primates". Nature. 293 (5827): 55–57. Bibcode:1981Natur.293...55H. doi:10.1038/293055a0. PMID 7266658.
  35. ↑ Freund, M. (1962). "Interrelationships among the characteristics of human semen and facts affecting semen specimen quality". Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 4: 143–159. doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0040143. PMID 13959612.
  36. ↑ Goldenberg MM (1998). "Safety and efficacy of sildenafil citrate in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction". Clinical Therapeutics. 20 (6): 1033–48. doi:10.1016/S0149-2918(98)80103-3. PMID 9916601.

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