↑ In 1946, ENIAC required an estimated 174 kW. By comparison, a modern laptop computer may use around 30 W; nearly six thousand times less."Approximate Desktop & Notebook Power Usage". University of Pennsylvania. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-06-20.
↑ "computer, n.". Oxford English Dictionary (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-04-10.
Ifrah, Georges (2001). The Universal History of Computing: From the Abacus to the Quantum Computer. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN0471396710. From 2700 to 2300 BC, Georges Ifrah, pp.11
↑ Berkeley, Edmund (1949). Giant Brains, or Machines That Think. John Wiley & Sons. p. 19. Edmund Berkeley
↑ According to advertising on Pickett's N600 slide rule boxes."Pickett Apollo Box Scans". Copland.udel.edu. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2010-02-20.
↑ "Pascal and Leibnitz, in the seventeenth century, and Diderot at a later period, endeavored to construct a machine which might serve as a substitute for human intelligence in the combination of figures" The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 202, p.100
↑ "It is reasonable to inquire, therefore, whether it is possible to devise a machine which will do for mathematical computation what the automatic lathe has done for engineering. The first suggestion that such a machine could be made came more than a hundred years ago from the mathematician Charles Babbage. Babbage's ideas have only been properly appreciated in the last ten years, but we now realize that he understood clearly all the fundamental principles which are embodied in modern digital computers" Faster than thought, edited by B. V. Bowden, 1953, Pitman publishing corporation
↑ "...Among this extraordinary galaxy of talent Charles Babbage appears to be one of the most remarkable of all. Most of his life he spent in an entirely unsuccessful attempt to make a machine which was regarded by his contemporaries as utterly preposterous, and his efforts were regarded as futile, time-consuming and absurd. In the last decade or so we have learnt how his ideas can be embodied in a modern digital computer. He understood more about the logic of these machines than anyone else in the world had learned until after the end of the last war" Foreword, Irascible Genius, Charles Babbage, inventor by Maboth Moseley, 1964, London, Hutchinson
↑ In the proposal that Aiken gave IBM in 1937 while requesting funding for the Harvard Mark I we can read: "Few calculating machines have been designed strictly for application to scientific investigations, the notable exceptions being those of Charles Babbage and others who followed him....After abandoning the difference engine, Babbage devoted his energy to the design and construction of an analytical engine of far higher powers than the difference engine....Since the time of Babbage, the development of calculating machinery has continued at an increasing rate." Howard Aiken, Proposed automatic calculating machine, reprinted in: The origins of Digital computers, Selected Papers, Edited by Brian Randell, 1973, ISBN 3-540-06169-X
↑ "Parallel processors composed of these high-performance microprocessors are becoming the supercomputing technology of choice for scientific and engineering applications", 1993, "Microprocessors: From Desktops to Supercomputers". Science Magazine. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-04-23.
