อ้างอิง ของ จักรวรรดิโรมันอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์

↑ Norman F. Cantor (1993), Civilization of the Middle Ages, pp. 212–215
↑ Bamber Gascoigne. "History of the Holy Roman Empire". HistoryWorld.
↑ Peter Hamish Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806, MacMillan Press 1999, London, p. 2.
1 2 Whaley 2011, p. 17
↑ Peter Moraw, Heiliges Reich, in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Munich & Zürich: Artemis 1977–1999, vol. 4, col. 2025–2028.
↑ Peter Hamish Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806, MacMillan Press 1999, London, page 2; The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation at the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in London website Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
↑ "History of The Holy Roman Empire". historyworld. สืบค้นเมื่อ 28 June 2013.
↑ Whaley 2011, pp. 19-20.
↑ Matthew Innes, State and Society in the Early Middle Ages: The Middle Rhine Valley, 400–1000 (Cambridge, 2004), pp. 167–70.
↑ Rosamond McKitterick, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians, 751–987 (1983), pp. 48–50. – โดยทาง Questia (ต้องรับบริการ)
↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, France/Pippin III
↑ Bryce (1913), pp.38-42
↑ Johnson (1996), p. 22.
↑ George C. Kohn, Dictionary of Wars (2007), pp. 113–14.
↑ Bryce (1913), pp.44, 50-52
↑ Paul Collins, The Birth of the West: Rome, Germany, France, and the Creation of Europe in the Tenth Century (New York, 2013), p.131.

ใกล้เคียง