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Manuel, Peter (1988). Popular Musics of the Non-Western World. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 46–50. ISBN0826465668.
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Morales, Ed (2003). The Latin Beat. Da Capo Press. ISBN0-306-81018-2.
Roberts, John Storm (1972). Black Music of Two Worlds. cited in Manuel, pg. 48. New York: Praeger.
Rondón, César Miguel (1980). El libro de la salsa. cited in Leymarie, pg. 268, and Morales, pg. 60. Caracas: Editorial Arte.
Salazar, Max (1991). "What Is This Thing Called Salsa?". Latin Beat Magazine. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
Steward, Sue (2000). "Cubans, Nuyoricans and the Global Sound". ใน Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.) (บ.ก.). World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. London: Rough Guides. pp. 488–506. ISBN1-85828-636-0.CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link)
Unterberger, Richie (1999). Music USA. The Rough Guide. ISBN1-85828-421-X.
Washburne, Christopher (Fall 1995). Clave: The African Roots of Salsa. Kalinda!, newsletter for the Center for Black Music Research. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
Waxer, Lise A. (2002). The City of Musical Memory: Salsa, Record Grooves, and Popular Culture in Cali, Colombia. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. IBN 0819564427.
