อ้างอิง ของ บัสรา

  1. ↑ Sam Dagher (18 September 2007). "In the 'Venice of the East,' a history of diversity". The Christian Science Monitor. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2 January 2014.
  2. ↑ "Iraqi parliament recognizes Basra as economic capital".
  3. ↑ Andre Wink, Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World, Vol.2, (Brill, 2002), 17.  – โดยทาง Questia (ต้องรับบริการ)
  4. ↑ Andre Wink, Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World, Vol.2, 17.  – โดยทาง Questia (ต้องรับบริการ)
  5. ↑  "Basra" . สารานุกรมบริตานิกา ค.ศ. 1911. 3 (11 ed.). 1911. p. 489.
  6. ↑ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
  7. ↑ "National Intelligence Survey. Iraq. Section 41, Population" (PDF). CIA. 1960.
  8. ↑ "Steven Vincent". Committee to Protect Journalists. 2005.
  9. ↑ "UK soldiers 'freed from militia'". BBC. 20 September 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 17 March 2012.
  10. ↑ "British smash jail walls to free 2 arrested soldiers". San Francisco Gate. 20 September 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 17 March 2012.
  11. ↑ "UK troops return Basra to Iraqis". BBC News. 16 December 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 January 2010.
  12. ↑ "Climate: Basra - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 22 August 2013.
  13. ↑ "Basra Climate and Weather Averages, Iraq". Weather2Travel. สืบค้นเมื่อ 22 August 2013.
  • Hallaq, Wael. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge University Press, 2005
  • Hawting, Gerald R. The First Dynasty of Islam. Routledge. 2nd ed, 2000
  • Madelung, Wilferd. "Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr and the Mahdi" in the Journal of Near Eastern Studies 40. 1981. pp. 291–305.
  • Vincent, Stephen. Into The Red Zone: A Journey Into the Soul of Iraq. ISBN 1-890626-57-0.

แหล่งที่มา

WikiPedia: บัสรา http://www.bible.ca/islam/library/Jeffery/Material... http://www.bible.ca/islam/library/Jeffery/thq.htm http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0918/p11s02-wome.htm... http://www.iraqimage.com/pages/browse/Basra.html http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2... http://www.weather2travel.com/climate-guides/iraq/... http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asi... http://www.basra.gov.iq/ http://www.san.beck.org/AB13-MuhammadandIslam.html http://en.climate-data.org/location/4555/