อ้างอิง ของ ตับอักเสบ

  1. ↑ Bernal, W. and J. Wendon (2013). "Acute Liver Failure." New England Journal of Medicine 369(26): 2525-2534.
  2. ↑ Dienstag JL. Chapter 306. Chronic Hepatitis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. 'Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=331&Sectionid=40727101. Accessed May 09, 2015.
  3. ↑ Carr BI. Chapter 92. Tumors of the Liver and Biliary Tree. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. 'Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=331&Sectionid=40726828. Accessed May 09, 2015.
  4. ↑ WHO Health Topics: Hepatitis
  5. ↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-08-26.
  6. ↑ World Health Organization. "Hepatitis". World Health Organization. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2013.
  7. ↑ Longo, DL, ed. (2012). "Chapter 306. Chronic Hepatitis". Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (Onlline) (18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  8. 1 2 Longo, DL, ed. (2012). "Chapter 305. Acute Viral Hepatitis". Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (Onlline) (18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  9. ↑ Dunn, MA (2011). "Chapter 39. Parasitic Disease". In Schiff ER, Maddrey WC, Sorrell MF. Schiff's Diseases of the Liver (Online). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781119950509.ch39. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2013.CS1 maint: Multiple names: editors list (link)
  10. ↑ Bacq Y (2011). "Chapter 11. The Liver in Pregnancy". In Schiff ER, Maddrey WC, Sorrell MF. Schiff's Diseases of the Liver (Online). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781119950509.ch11. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2013.CS1 maint: Multiple names: editors list (link)
  11. ↑ Santos, JK; Choquette M; Bezerra JA (Feb 2010). "Cholestatic liver disease in children". Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 12 (1): 30–39. doi:10.1007/s11894-009-0081-8. PMC 2882095. PMID 20425482.
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  13. ↑ http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/
  14. ↑ "Hepatitis B FAQs for the Public — Transmission". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-11-21.
  15. ↑ [CDC Hepatitis C Fact Page http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HCV/index.htm]
  16. ↑ Longo, Dan. Alcoholic Liver Disease in Harrison's principles of internal medicine (18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07174889-6.
  17. ↑ Papadaikis, Maxine (2014). Alcoholic Liver Disease in Current medical diagnosis and treatment 2014. Mcgraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-180633-6.
  18. ↑ Corrao, G; Aricò, S (April 1998). "Independent and combined action of hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol consumption on the risk of symptomatic liver cirrhosis". Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). 27 (4): 914–9. doi:10.1002/hep.510270404. PMID 9537428.
  19. ↑ Rosman, AS; Waraich, A; Galvin, K; Casiano, J; Paronetto, F; Lieber, CS (1996). "Alcoholism is associated with hepatitis C but not hepatitis B in an urban population". The American journal of gastroenterology. 91 (3): 498–505. PMID 8633498.
  20. ↑ Lieber, Charles. "Alcohol and Hepatitis C". National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. สืบค้นเมื่อ 18 November 2013.
  21. ↑ R. Fontana (July 2008). "Acute Liver Failure including Acetaminophen Overdose". Med Clin North Am. 4 (4): 761–794. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2008.03.005. PMC 2504411. PMID 18570942.
  22. ↑ Suk, Ki Tae; Kim, Dong Joon (2012). "Drug-induced liver injury: present and future". Clinical and Molecular Hepatology. 18 (3): 249–57. doi:10.3350/cmh.2012.18.3.249. PMC 3467427. PMID 23091804.
  23. ↑ Ghabril, Marwan; Chalasani, Naga; Björnsson, Einar (May 2010). "Drug-induced liver injury: a clinical update". Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 26 (3): 222–226. doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283383c7c. PMC 3156474. PMID 20186054.
  24. 1 2 Navarro, Victor J.; Senior, John R. (16 February 2006). "Drug-Related Hepatotoxicity". New England Journal of Medicine. 354 (7): 731–739. doi:10.1056/NEJMra052270. PMID 16481640.
  25. ↑ Lee, William M. (31 July 2003). "Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity". New England Journal of Medicine. 349 (5): 474–485. doi:10.1056/NEJMra021844. PMID 12890847.
  26. ↑ Malaguarnera, Giulia; Cataudella, E; Giordano, M; Nunnari, G; Chisari, G; Malaguarnera, M (2012). "Toxic hepatitis in occupational exposure to solvents". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 18 (22): 2756–66. doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i22.2756. PMC 3374978. PMID 22719183.
  27. ↑ O'Mara SR, Gebreyes K (2011). "Chapter 83. Hepatic Disorders, Jaundice, and Hepatic Failure". In Cydulka RK, Meckler GD. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Online) (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. สืบค้นเมื่อ 26 November 2013.
  28. ↑ National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "Autoimmune Hepatitis". National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 November 2013.
  29. ↑ Teufel, Andreas; Galle, PR; Kanzler, S (2009). "Update on autoimmune hepatitis". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 15 (9): 1035–41. doi:10.3748/wjg.15.1035. PMC 2655176. PMID 19266594.
  30. ↑ Krawitt, Edward-L (2008). "Clinical features and management of autoimmune hepatitis". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (21): 3301–5. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.3301. PMC 2716584. PMID 18528927.
  31. 1 2 National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis". National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 November 2013.
  32. ↑ Cohen DE, Anania FA (2012). "Chapter 43. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease". In Blumberg RS, Burakoff R. CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy (Online) (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 November 2013.
  33. ↑ Chalasani, Naga; Younossi, Zobair; Lavine, Joel E.; Diehl, Anna Mae; Brunt, Elizabeth M.; Cusi, Kenneth; Charlton, Michael; Sanyal, Arun J. (June 2012). "The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association". Hepatology. 55 (6): 2005–2023. doi:10.1002/hep.25762. PMID 22488764. สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 November 2013.
  34. 1 2 Masuoka, Howard C.; Chalasani, Naga (April 2013). "Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an emerging threat to obese and diabetic individuals". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1281 (1): 106–122. Bibcode:2013NYASA1281..106M. doi:10.1111/nyas.12016.
  35. ↑ Medline Plus (2012-08-10). "Hepatic ischemia". National Library of Medicine. สืบค้นเมื่อ 4 December 2013.
  36. ↑ Feldman, Friedman and Brandt, ed. (2010). "Chapter 83 Vascular Diseases of the Liver". Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease (Online). Saunders. ISBN 978-1416061892. สืบค้นเมื่อ 4 December 2013.
  37. ↑ Raj, S.; Stephen, T.; Debski, R. F. (23 March 2011). "Giant Cell Hepatitis With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report and Review of Pediatric Literature". Clinical Pediatrics. 50 (4): 357–359. doi:10.1177/0009922810379501. PMID 21436150.
  38. ↑ Alexopoulou, Alexandra; Deutsch, Melanie; Ageletopoulou, Johanna; Delladetsima, Johanna K.; Marinos, Evangelos; Kapranos, Nikiforos; Dourakis, Spyros P. (May 2003). "A fatal case of postinfantile giant cell hepatitis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 15 (5): 551–555. doi:10.1097/01.meg.0000050026.34359.7c.
  39. ↑ al.], edited by William W. Hay ... [et. "Chpt 22 Liver & Pancreas". Current diagnosis & treatment : pediatrics (21st ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 978-0-07-177970-8. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2 December 2013.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
  40. ↑ Green, RM; Flamm, S (October 2002). "AGA technical review on the evaluation of liver chemistry tests". Gastroenterology. 123 (4): 1367–84. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.36061. PMID 12360498.
  41. ↑ Pratt, DS; Kaplan, MM (Apr 27, 2000). "Evaluation of abnormal liver-enzyme results in asymptomatic patients". The New England Journal of Medicine. 342 (17): 1266–71. doi:10.1056/NEJM200004273421707. PMID 10781624.
  42. ↑ Grant, A; Neuberger J (1999). "Guidelines on the use of liver biopsy in clinical practice". Gut. 45 (Suppl 4): 1–11. doi:10.1136/gut.45.2008.iv1. PMC 1766696. PMID 10485854. สาเหตุหลักของการเสียชีวิตหลังการตรวจชิ้นเนื้อตับแบบการเจาะดูดเซลล์จากตับ (อังกฤษ: percutaneous liver biopsy) ก็คือการตกเลือดในช่องท้องอย่างรุนแรง (อังกฤษ: intraperitoneal haemorrhage) ตามที่แสดงในการศึกษาย้อนหลังของชาวอิตาลีสำหรับการตรวจชิ้นเนื้อตับแบบการเจาะดูดเซลล์จากตับ 68,000 กรณี พบว่ามีผู้ป่วยเสียชีวิต 6 รายจากการตกเลือดในช่องท้องอย่างรุนแรง 3 รายในจำนวนนั้นได้รับการผ่าท้อง (อังกฤษ: laparotomy) และทุกรายตับแข็งหรือมีการเจ็บป่วยร้ายแรง ซึ่งโรคทั้งสองนี้เป็นปัจจัยเสี่ยงสำหรับการตกเลือด
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  44. ↑ "Chiron Procleix Assay package insert" (PDF). Gen-Probe Incorporated. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 Jan 2014.
  45. ↑ "Interpretation of Hepatitis B Serologic Test Results" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 Jan 2014.
  46. ↑ Stoller, James K; Aboussouan, Loutfi S (June 2005). "α1-antitrypsin deficiency". The Lancet. 365 (9478): 2225–2236. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66781-5. PMID 15978931.
  47. ↑ Hansen, Keli; Horslen, Simon (May 2008). "Metabolic liver disease in children". Liver Transplantation. 14 (5): 713–733. doi:10.1002/lt.21520. PMID 18433056.
  48. ↑ Boyer JL, Klatskin G; Klatskin (1970). "Pattern of necrosis in acute viral hepatitis. Prognostic value of bridging (subacute hepatic necrosis)". N. Engl. J. Med. 283 (20): 1063–71. doi:10.1056/NEJM197011122832001. PMID 4319402.
  49. ↑ Gimson AE (July 1996). "Fulminant and late onset hepatic failure". Br J Anaesth. 77 (1): 90–8. doi:10.1093/bja/77.1.90. PMID 8703634.
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  52. ↑ Wanless IR (September 1995). "Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions". Hepatology. 22 (3): 983–993. doi:10.1002/hep.1840220341. PMID 7657307.
  53. ↑ Gastroenterology IWPotWCo (August 1994). "Terminology of chronic hepatitis, hepatic allograft rejection, and nodular lesions of the liver: summary of recommendations developed by an international working party, supported by the World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Los Angeles, 1994". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89 (8 Suppl): S177–81. PMID 8048409.
  54. ↑ "Alcoholic liver disease: morphological manifestations. Review by an international group". Lancet. 1 (8222): 707–11. March 1981. PMID 6110925.
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  57. ↑
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  59. ↑ Dieter Häussinger, ed. (2011). Liver Regeneration. Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 1. ISBN 9783110250794.
  60. ↑ "Liver Cirrhosis". Review of Pathology of the Liver.
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  62. ↑ WHO. [http:// "WHO issues its first hepatitis B treatment guidelines"] Check |url= value (help). www.who.int. World Health Organisation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 March 2015.
  63. ↑ World Health Organization (4 February 2000). "Hepatitis A Vaccines" (PDF). Weekly epidemiological record. World Health Organization. 75: 37–44. ISSN 0049-8114. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 February 2014.
  64. ↑ World Health Organization (2 October 2009). "Hepatitis B Vaccines" (PDF). Weekly epidemiological review. World Health Organization. 84: 405–420. ISSN 0049-8114. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 February 2014.
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