อ้างอิง ของ ทวีปยุโรป

  1. 1 2 3 "การประเมินประชากรโลก พ.ศ. 2560". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. สืบค้นเมื่อ 10 กันยายน พ.ศ. 2560.
  2. ↑ "The World's Cities in 2016" (PDF). สหประชาชาติ. 2016. p. 11.
  3. ↑ National Geographic Atlas of the World (7th ed.). Washington, DC: National Geographic. 1999. ISBN 0-7922-7528-4. "Europe" (pp. 68–69) ; "Asia" (pp. 90–91) : "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe ... is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles."
  4. ↑ Lewis & Wigen 1997, p. 226
  5. ↑ Kim Covert (1 July 2011). Ancient Greece: Birthplace of Democracy. Capstone. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-4296-6831-6. Ancient Greece is often called the cradle of western civilization. ... Ideas from literature and science also have their roots in ancient Greece.
  6. ↑ Ricardo Duchesne (7 February 2011). The Uniqueness of Western Civilization. Brill. p. 297. ISBN 90-04-19248-4. The list of books which have celebrated Greece as the “cradle” of the West is endless; two more examples are Charles Freeman's The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World (1999) and Bruce Thornton's Greek Ways: How the Greeks Created Western Civilization (2000)
  7. ↑ National Geographic, 534.
  8. ↑ "The European union—a federation or a confederation?" (PDF).