↑ W. S. Boyle and G. E. Smith (April 1970). "Charge Coupled Semiconductor Devices". Bell Sys. Tech. J. 49 (4): 587–593.
↑ G. F. Amelio, M. F. Tompsett, and G. E. Smith (April 1970). "Experimental Verification of the Charge Coupled Device Concept". Bell Sys. Tech. J. 49 (4): 593–600.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ M. F. Tompsett, G. F. Amelio, and G. E. Smith (1 August 1970). "Charge Coupled 8-bit Shift Register". Applied Physics Lettersfrom. 17: 111–115. Bibcode:1970ApPhL..17..111T. doi:10.1063/1.1653327.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ For instance, the specsheet of PI/Acton's SPEC-10 camera specifies a dark current of 0.3 electron per pixel per hour at -110 °C.
↑ Sze, S. M.; Ng, Kwok K. (2007). Physics of semiconductor devices (3 ed.). John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-14323-9. Chapter 13.6.
↑ Sze, S. M.; Ng, Kwok K. (2007). Physics of semiconductor devices (3 ed.). John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-14323-9. Chapter 13.6.
↑ Sze, S. M.; Ng, Kwok K. (2007). Physics of semiconductor devices (3 ed.). John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-14323-9. Chapter 13.6.
↑ Hainaut, Oliver R. (December 2006). "Basic CCD image processing". Retrieved January 15, 2011.Hainaut, Oliver R. (June 1, 2005). "Signal, Noise and Detection". Retrieved October 7, 2009.Hainaut, Oliver R. (May 20, 2009). "Retouching of astronomical data for the production of outreach images". Retrieved October 7, 2009.(Hainaut is an astronomer at the European Southern Observatory)
