1 2 3 McWhinney, James E (2013-06-25). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-09-16. The Nordic model is a term coined to capture the unique combination of free market capitalism and social benefits that have given rise to a society that enjoys a host of top-quality services, including free education and free healthcare, as well as generous, guaranteed pension payments for retirees. These benefits are funded by taxpayers and administered by the government for the benefit of all citizens.
↑ Hicks, Alexander (2000-01-20). Social democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A century of Income Security Politics. Cornell University Press. p. 130. ISBN978-0801485565. By the late 1950s, labor had been incorporated alongside Swedish business in fully elaborated corporatist institutions of collective bargaining and policy making, public as well as private, supply-side (as for labour training) as well as demand side (e.g., Keynesian). During the 1950s and 1960s, similar neocorpratist institutions developed in Denmark and Norway, in Austria and the Netherlands, and somewhat later, in Belgium and Finland.
↑ McWhinney 2013 "The model is underpinned by a capitalist economy that encourages creative destruction. While the laws make it is easy for companies to shed workers and implement transformative business models, employees are supported by generous social welfare programs."
↑ Bruhn, Anders; Kjellberg, Anders; Sandberg, Åke (2013). Sandberg, Åke, eds. A New World of Work Challenging Swedish Unions (PDF). Nordic Lights. Work, Management and Welfare in Scandinavia. Stockholm: SNS. pp. 126–186.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link) CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter (link)
↑ Rosser, Mariana, V; Barkley, J Jr. (2003-07-23). Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy. MIT Press. p. 226. ISBN978-0262182348. Liberal corporatism is largely self-organized between labor and management, with only a supporting role for government. Leading examples of such systems are found in small, ethnically homogeneous countries with strong traditions of social democratic or labor party rule, such as Sweden's Nordic neighbors. Using a scale of 0.0 to 2.0 and subjectively assigning values based on six previous studies, Frederic Pryor in 1988 found Norway and Sweden the most corporatist at 2.0 each, followed by Austria at 1.8, the Netherlands at 1.5, Finland, Denmark, and Belgium at 1.3 each, and Switzerland and West Germany at 1.0 each…with the exception of Iceland all the Nordic countries have higher taxes, larger welfare states, and greater corporatist tendencies than most social market economies.
↑ Esping-Andersen, G (1991). The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
↑ Schröder, Martin (2013). Integrating Varieties of Capitalism and Welfare State Research. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 157.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
↑ Issenberg, Sasha (2010-01-09). "Sanders a growing force on the far, far left". Boston Globe. You go to Scandinavia, and you will find that people have a much higher standard of living, in terms of education, health care, and decent paying jobs.
↑ Bardhan, Pranab; Roemer, Johen E (1992). "Market socialism, a case for rejuvenation". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 6 (3): 104. ...we believe that social democracy requires rather special political circumstances that are absent in many countries for which our market socialism proposal may be feasible. Since it (social democracy) permits a powerful capitalist class to exist (90 percent of productive assets are privately owned in Sweden), only a strong and unified labor movement can win the redistribution through taxes that is characteristic of social democracy. It is idealistic to believe that tax concessions of this magnitude can be effected simply through electoral democracy without an organized labor movement, when capitalists organize and finance influential political parties. Even in the Scandinavian countries, strong apex labor organizations have been difficult to sustain and social democracy is somewhat on the decline now.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
