อ้างอิง ของ ความเสี่ยงมหันตภัยทั่วโลก

  1. ↑ doi:10.1126/science.1177265
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  2. ↑ "catastrophe", ศัพท์บัญญัติอังกฤษ-ไทย, ไทย-อังกฤษ ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน (คอมพิวเตอร์) รุ่น ๑.๑, มหันตภัย
  3. ↑ Bostrom, Nick (2008). Global Catastrophic Risks (PDF). Oxford University Press. p. 1.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bostrom, Nick (2002). "Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards". Journal of Evolution and Technology. 9 (1). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-17. PDF ArticlePDF (276 KB)
  5. 1 2 Weitzman, Martin (2009). "On modeling and interpreting the economics of catastrophic climate change". The Review of Economics and Statistics. 91 (1): 1–19. doi:10.1162/rest.91.1.1.
  6. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Existential Risk. Future of Humanity Institute. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-07-26.
  7. 1 2 Bostrom, Nick. "Existential Risk Prevention as a Global Priority". Existential Risk. Future of Humanity Institute. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-07-23.
  8. 1 2
  9. 1 2 Bostrom, N (2013). "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority" (PDF). Global Policy. 4. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12002. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-07.
  10. 1 2 Bostrom, Nick (2003). "Astronomical Waste: The opportunity cost of delayed technological development". Utilitas. 15 (3): 308–314. doi:10.1017/s0953820800004076. PDF ArticlePDF (59 KB)
  11. ↑ Posner, Richard A. (2006). Catastrophe : risk and response. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195306477., Introduction, "What is Catastrophe?"
  12. 1 2 Matheny, Jason Gaverick (2007). "Reducing the Risk of Human Extinction". Risk Analysis. 27 (5).
  13. ↑ Asher, D.J.; Bailey, M.E.; Emel’yanenko, V.; Napier, W.M. (2005). "Earth in the cosmic shooting gallery". The Observatory. 125: 319–322.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ↑ Ambrose 1998; Rampino & Ambrose 2000, pp. 71, 80.
  15. ↑ Rampino, M.R.; Ambrose, S.H. (2002). "Super eruptions as a threat to civilizations on Earth-like planets". Icarus. 156: 562–569.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ↑ Global Catastrophic Risks Survey, Technical Report, Future of Humanity Institute, 2008
  17. ↑ Cirkovic, Milan (2008). "Observation Selection Effects and Global Catastrophic Risks" (PDF). nickbostrom.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-17.
  18. ↑ Parfit, Derek (1984). Reasons and Persons. Oxford University Press. pp. 453–454.
  19. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sci/tech/specials/washington_2000/649913.stm
  20. ↑ Posner, Richard (2004). Catastrophe: risk and response. Oxford University Press.
  21. ↑ Desvousges, W.H.; Johnson, F.R.; Dunford, R.W.; Boyle, K.J.; Hudson, S.P.; Wilson, N (1993), Hausman, J.A., ed., "Measuring natural resource damages with contingent valuation: tests of validity and reliability", Contingent Valuation:A Critical Assessment, Amsterdam, North Holland, pp. 91–159CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ↑ Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2008). "Cognitive Biases potentially affecting judgments of global risks" (PDF). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-17.
  23. ↑ Karnofsky, Holden. "Possible Global Catastrophic Risks". GiveWell Blog. GiveWell. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-07-24.
  24. 1 2 "The Cambridge Project for Existential Risk". Cambridge University.
  25. ↑ "'Terminator center' to open at Cambridge University". Fox News. 2012-11-26.
  26. ↑ Joy, Bill. "Why the future doesn't need us". Wired magazine.
  27. 1 2 3 Bostrom, Nick (2002). "Ethical Issues in Advanced Artificial Intelligence". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-17.
  28. ↑ Bostrom, Nick (2014). Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199678112.
  29. 1 2 "Scientists Worry Machines May Outsmart Man". NY Times. 209-07-26. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ↑ Vinge, Vernor (1993). "The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era". Department of Mathematical Sciences, San Diego State University. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-18.
  31. ↑ Rawlinson, Kevin. "Microsoft's Bill Gates insists AI is a threat". BBC News. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-30.
  32. ↑ "Gaming the Robot Revolution: A military technology expert weighs in on Terminator: Salvation". slate.com. 2009-05-21.
  33. ↑ "Robot takeover". gyre.org.
  34. ↑ "robot page". engadget.com.
  35. 1 2 Yudkowsky, Eliezer. "Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-07-26.
  36. ↑ "Call for debate on killer robots". BBC News. 2009-03-08.
  37. ↑ "Robot Three-Way Portends Autonomous Future". wired.com. 2009-08-13.
  38. ↑ "New Navy-funded Report Warns of War Robots Going "Terminator"". dailytech.com. 2009-02-17.
  39. ↑ "Navy report warns of robot uprising, suggests a strong moral compass". engadget.com. 2009-02-18.
  40. ↑ "New role for robot warriors; Drones are just part of a bid to automate combat. Can virtual ethics make machines decisionmakers?". Christian Science Monitor. 2010-02-17.
  41. ↑ "The Rise of Artificial Intelligence". PBS Off Book (Web series). 2013-07-11. Event occurs at 6:29-7:26. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-10-24. ...what happens if (AIs) decide we are not useful anymore? I think we do need to think about how to build machines that are ethical. The smarter the machines gets, the more important that is... [T]here are so many advantages to AI in terms of human health, in terms of education and so forth that I would be reluctant to stop it. But even if I did think we should stop it, I don't think it's possible... if, let's say, the US Government forbade development in kind of the way they did development of new stem cell lines, that would just mean that the research would go offshore, it wouldn't mean it would stop. The more sensible thing to do is start thinking now about these questions... I don't think we can simply ban it.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Phoenix, Chris; Treder, Mike (2008). "Chapter 21: Nanotechnology as global catastrophic risk". In Bostrom, Nick; Cirkovic, Milan M. Global catastrophic risks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857050-9.
  43. 1 2 "Frequently Asked Questions - Molecular Manufacturing". foresight.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  44. ↑ Drexler, Eric. "A Dialog on Dangers". foresight.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  45. 1 2 Sandberg, Anders. "The five biggest threats to human existence". http://theconversation.com/. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-13. External link in |website= (help)
  46. ↑ Drexler, Eric. "ENGINES OF DESTRUCTION (Chapter 11)". http://e-drexler.com/. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19. External link in |website= (help)
  47. ↑ Tomasik, Brian. "Possible Ways to Promote Compromise". http://foundational-research.org/. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19. External link in |website= (help)
  48. ↑ "Dangers of Molecular Manufacturing". crnano.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  49. 1 2 "The Need for International Control". crnano.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  50. ↑ Tomasik, Brian. "International Cooperation vs. AI Arms Race". foundational-research.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  51. ↑ "Technical Restrictions May Make Nanotechnology Safer". crnano.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  52. ↑ Tomasik, Brian. "Possible Ways to Promote Compromise". http://foundational-research.org/. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-22. External link in |website= (help)
  53. ↑ Joseph, Lawrence E. (2007). Apocalypse 2012. New York: Broadway. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-7679-2448-1.
  54. ↑ Rincon, Paul (2004-06-09). "Nanotech guru turns back on 'goo'". BBC News. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-03-30.
  55. ↑ Hapgood, Fred (1986-11). "Nanotechnology: Molecular Machines that Mimic Life" (PDF). Omni. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  56. ↑ "Leading nanotech experts put 'grey goo' in perspective". crnano.org. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-19.
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Noun, Ali; Chyba, Christopher F. (2008). "Chapter 20: Biotechnology and biosecurity". In Bostrom, Nick; Cirkovic, Milan M. Global Catastrophic Risks. Oxford University Press.
  58. 1 2 3 Frank SA (1996-03). "Models of parasite virulence". Q Rev Biol. 71 (1): 37–78. doi:10.1086/419267. PMID 8919665. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  59. ↑ Jackson, Ronald J.; Ramsay, Alistair J.; Christensen, Carina D.; Beaton, Sandra; Hall, Diana F.; Ramshaw, Ian A. (2001). "Expression of Mouse Interleukin-4 by a Recombinant Ectromelia Virus Suppresses Cytolytic Lymphocyte Responses and Overcomes Genetic Resistance to Mousepox". Journal of virology. 75 (3): 1205–1210. doi:10.1128/jvi.75.3.1205-1210.2001. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-13.
  60. ↑ Hellman, Martin E. "On the Probability of Nuclear War". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-09.
  61. ↑ Nuclear Weapons and the Future of Humanity: The Fundamental Questions by Avner Cohen, Steven Lee, p. 237, ที่ Google Books
  62. 1 2 "Federation of American Scientists: Status of World Nuclear Forces". Fas.org. 2014. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-05-26.
  63. 1 2 Martin, Brian (1982). "Critique of nuclear extinction". Journal of Peace Research. 19 (4): 287–300. doi:10.1177/002234338201900401. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-10-25.
  64. ↑ Shulman, Carl (2012-11-05). "Nuclear winter and human extinction: Q&A with Luke Oman". Overcoming Bias. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-10-25.
  65. ↑ doi:10.5194/acp-7-1973-2007
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  66. ↑ Held, Isaac M; Soden, Brian J. "Water Vapor Feedback and Global Warming" (PDF). Annu. Rev. Energy Environ 2000. p. 449.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  67. ↑ Raskin, Paul (2006). "World Lines: Pathways, Pivots, and the Global Future" (PDF). Boston: Tellus Institute.
  68. ↑ Kriegman, Orion (2006). "Dawn of the Cosmopolitan: The Hope of a Global Citizens Movement" (PDF). Boston: Tellus Institute.
  69. ↑ Chiarelli, B. (1998). "Overpopulation and the Threat of Ecological Disaster: the Need for Global Bioethics". Mankind Quarterly. 39 (2): 225–230.
  70. ↑ Evans-Pritchard, Ambrose (2011-02-06). "Einstein was right - honey bee collapse threatens global food security". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  71. ↑ Lovgren, Stefan (2007-02-07). "Mystery Bee Disappearances Sweeping U.S". National Geographic News. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-03-10.
  72. ↑ "The end of India's green revolution?". BBC News. 2006-05-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  73. ↑ "Food First/Institute for Food and Development Policy". Foodfirst.org. 2000-04-08. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  74. ↑ "How peak oil could lead to starvation". Web.archive.org. 2009-05-27. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  75. ↑ "Eating Fossil Fuels". EnergyBulletin.net. 2003-10-02. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  76. ↑ The Oil Drum: Europe. "Agriculture Meets Peak Oil". Europe.theoildrum.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  77. ↑ "Drawing Momentum from the Crash". Uncommon Thought Journal. 2007-11-08. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-09.
  78. ↑ "Cereal Disease Laboratory : Ug99 an emerging virulent stem rust race". Ars.usda.gov. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  79. ↑ "Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat". Wheatrust.cornell.edu. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-31.
  80. ↑ Richard Hamming. "Mathematics on a Distant Planet".
  81. ↑ "Report LA-602, ''Ignition of the Atmosphere With Nuclear Bombs''" (PDF). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-10-19.
  82. ↑ New Scientist, 28 August 1999: "A Black Hole Ate My Planet"
  83. ↑ Konopinski, E. J; Marvin, C.; Teller, Edward (1946). "Ignition of the Atmosphere with Nuclear Bombs" (PDF) (Declassified February 1973) (LA-602). Los Alamos National Laboratory. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-11-23.
  84. ↑ "Statement by the Executive Committee of the DPF on the Safety of Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider" (PDF). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-09.
  85. ↑ "Safety at the LHC".
  86. ↑ "Study of Potentially Dangerous Events During Heavy-Ion Collisions at the LHC" (PDF). Geneva: CERN Scientific Information Service. 2003-02-28. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-06-17.
  87. ↑ Drexler, Eric (1986). Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology. Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-19973-2.
  88. ↑ Brown, NF; Wickham, ME; Coombes, BK; Finlay, BB (2006-05). "Crossing the Line: Selection and Evolution of Virulence Traits". PLoS Pathogens. 2 (5): e42. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0020042. PMC 1464392. PMID 16733541. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  89. ↑ Ebert, D; Bull, JJ (2003-01). "Challenging the trade-off model for the evolution of virulence: is virulence management feasible?". Trends Microbiol. 11 (1): 15–20. doi:10.1016/S0966-842X(02)00003-3. PMID 12526850. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  90. ↑ André JB, Hochberg ME (2005-07). "Virulence evolution in emerging infectious diseases". Evolution. 59 (7): 1406–12. doi:10.1554/05-111. PMID 16153027. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  91. ↑ Gandon S (2004-03). "Evolution of multihost parasites". Evolution. 58 (3): 455–69. doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb01669.x. PMID 15119430. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  92. ↑ "Near Apocalypse Causing Diseases, a Historical Look:". postapocalypticsurvival.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-05-05.
  93. ↑ Kate Ravilious (2005-04-14). "What a way to go". The Guardian.
  94. ↑ "Toba Supervolcano". 2012 Final Fantasy. 2008-02-04.
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  96. ↑ Breining, Greg (2007). Super Volcano: The Ticking Time Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park. Voyageur Press. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-7603-2925-2.
  97. ↑ Breining, Greg (2007). "Distant Death". Super Volcano: The Ticking Time Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park. St. Paul, MN.: Voyageur Press. p. 256 pg. ISBN 978-0-7603-2925-2.
  98. 1 2 Breining, Greg (2007). "The Next Big Blast". Super Volcano: The Ticking Time Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park. St. Paul, MN.: Voyageur Press. p. 256 pg. ISBN 978-0-7603-2925-2.
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  103. ↑ García-Sánchez, Joan; และคณะ (1999-02). "Stellar Encounters with the Oort Cloud Based on HIPPARCOS Data". The Astronomical Journal. 117 (2): 1042–1055. Bibcode:1999AJ....117.1042G. doi:10.1086/300723. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  104. ↑ Twenty ways the world could end suddenly, Discover Magazine
  105. ↑ "Urban Legends Reference Pages: Legal Affairs (E.T. Make Bail)".
  106. ↑ Jones, E. M. (1985-03-01). ""Where is everybody?" An account of Fermi's question"". Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States Department of Energy. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-01-12.
  107. ↑ Ventrudo, Brian (2009-06-05). "So Where Is ET, Anyway?". Universe Today. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-03-10. Some believe [the Fermi Paradox] means advanced extraterrestrial societies are rare or nonexistent. Others suggest they must destroy themselves before they move on to the stars.
  108. ↑ Vinn, O (2014). "Potential incompatibility of inherited behavior patterns with civilization". PublishResearch: 1–3. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-03-05.
  109. ↑ "Will Mercury Hit Earth Someday?". Skyandtelescope.com. 2008-04-24. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-04-26.
  110. ↑ "Explosions in Space May Have Initiated Ancient Extinction on Earth". นาซา.
  111. ↑ Wanjek, Christopher (2005-04-06). "Explosions in Space May Have Initiated Ancient Extinction on Earth". นาซา.
  112. ↑ Fraser Cain (2003-08-04). "Local Galactic Dust is on the Rise". Universe Today.
  113. ↑ Coleman, Sidney; De Luccia, Frank (1980-06-15). "Gravitational effects on and of vacuum decay" (PDF). Physical Review D. D21 (12): 3305–3315. Bibcode:1980PhRvD..21.3305C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.21.3305.
  114. ↑ Dunning, Brian. "Apocalypse 2012 - Tall tales that the End of Days is coming in 2012".
  115. ↑ "Mankind must abandon earth or face extinction: Hawking", physorg.com, 2010-08-09, สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-01-23
  116. ↑ Denkenberger, D.C.; Pearce, J. M. (2014). Feeding Everyone No Matter What: Managing Food Security After Global Catastrophe. San Francisco: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-12-802150-7.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
  117. ↑ Lewis Smith (2008-02-27). "Doomsday vault for world's seeds is opened under Arctic mountain". London: The Times Online.
  118. ↑ "About the Lifeboat Foundation". The Lifeboat Foundation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-04-26.
  119. ↑ "The Future of Life Institute". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-05-05.
  120. ↑ "GCR Institute".
  121. ↑ "Millennium Alliance for Humanity & The Biosphere".
  122. ↑ "X Center".
  123. ↑ "WHO Global Alert and Response".
  124. ↑ "Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance". Archived from the original on 2012-09-26.
  125. ↑ "USAID Emerging Pandemic Threats Program".
  126. ↑ "Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Global Security".
  127. ↑ "Center for International Security and Cooperation".

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ความเจ็บปวด ความเสียวสุดยอดทางเพศ ความเท่าเทียมทางเพศ ความเอนเอียงเพื่อยืนยัน ความเอนเอียงโดยการมองในแง่ดี ความเหนือกว่าเทียม ความเครียด (จิตวิทยา) ความเสี่ยงมหันตภัยทั่วโลก ความเอนเอียงรับใช้ตนเอง ความเป็นมาของตัวละครในเพชรพระอุมา

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